Jean Paul The Philosopher Of The Twentieth Century

Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre is arguably the best known philosopher of the twentieth century. He was born in Paris France on June 21st in the year 1905, and died on April 15th 1980 at age 74. He was a French philosopher, novelist, literary critic, playwright, political activist and biographer. Jean-Paul attended the École Normale Supà ©rieure from 1924-1929 and became the professor of philosophy in 1931 at Le Havre. He is a well known figure in the philosophy of Essentialism and Phenomenology, along with being one of leaders in French Philosophy and Marxism. In the year 1964 Sartre was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature but declined the offer as he believed that â€Å"A writer should not allow himself to be turned into an institution† (†Announcement.†) This showed just how much integrity Jean-Paul had for himself. Jean-Paul is very much considered to be an existentialist, the word â€Å"existential† comes from the two words â€Å"exist† and â€Å"essence†, These types of philosophers ask questions that are concerned with the essence of what it means to be alive. Jean-Paul, being an existentialist asks questions such as â€Å"What is the meaning of life?†, â€Å"What is the meaning of existence?†,â€Å"What is death?† etc. One of his most existential claims that he has made in his lifetime would without a doubt be-existence precedes essence and he bases his existential beliefs on the idea of human freedom and human morality. To be more clear this means that first we exist, and then later in life we doShow MoreRelatedExistentialism : A Very Short Introduction Essay980 Words   |  4 PagesVery Short Introduction, Thomas Flynn writes about one of the leading philosophical movements in the twentieth century: existentialism. This theory emphasizes that ea ch individual is entirely free, making them responsible and accountable for their actions or choices. With this idea, your choices are solely based on your own judgment, not anyone else’s. The book focuses on seven leading figures, Jean-Paul Sartre, Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger, Soren Kierkegaard, Simone de Beauvoir, Maurice Merleau-PontyRead MoreShakespeares King Lear vs. Tuesdays with Morrie1495 Words   |  6 Pagesessence of existentialism is authenticity of experience, asking the philosopher to undergo deep introspection. However, existentialism is perhaps most famous for its probing questions about what Friedrich Nietzsche called the tension of the soul, (2). Known colloquially as existential angst, the tension of the soul, search for meaning and purpose in life has characterized personal and collective identity formation in the twentieth century. Books like Viktor Frankls Mans Search for Meaning is quintessentiallyRead MoreThe Vienna Circle, By Rudolph Carnap And Kurt Godel992 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Vienna Circle† was a group of philosophers of the twentieth century, who met with the aim of finding the truth. These famous philosophers founded a school of thought known as logical or empirical positivism, and as a result of that, this school is highly recognized in the history of philosophy. In other words, this group, also known as a gang of philosophers, has as much right to be a school of philosophy as any other school at that time. The group included several philosophers such as Rudolph Carnap andRead MorePostmodernism : Modernism And Postmodernism1549 Words   |  7 Pagesof cultural consciousness, which is implemented in the artistic practice of symbolism, expressionism and acmeism. In the socio-historical context, it means the period of modernism in the development of culture from the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth century, that is, from Impressionism to a new novel and the theatre of the absurd. Modernism as a world based on the principles of urbanism (the cult of the city), technologism (the cult of the industry), primitivism (the cult of the underdeveloped roleRead MoreEssay about Discuss How Psychology Developed as a Scientific Discipline1127 Words   |  5 Pagesscientific method, which involves gathering empirical and measurable evidence. A key figure in the development of psychology as a science is Renà © Descartes; a French philosopher and mathematician. Descartes was most influential in his recognition of the body and mind being two separate entities. Descartes differed from other philosophers in his proposal of dualism as he recognised that there is interaction between mind and matter, which was key in the development of psychology as a science as it leadRead MoreEssay Existentialism1050 Words   |  5 PagesExistentialism Existentialism refers to the philosophical movement or tendency of the nineteenth and twentyth centuries. Because of the diversity of positions associated with existentialism, a precise definition is impossible; however, it suggests one major theme: a stress on individual existence and, consequently, on subjectivity, individual freedom, and choice {3}. Existentialism also refers to a family of philosophies devoted to an interpretation of human existence in the world thatRead MoreExistentialist traits in works of Henrik Ibsen1442 Words   |  6 PagesExistentialism is a major twentieth century continental European philosophical movement. The label was inspired by the tendency of some of the writers like Kierkegaard, Heidegger , Sartre and Nietzsche to use the term existence for a kind of being or life unique, in their view, to human beings. Only in the case of human beings is the conduct of their life an issue for them; only they can stand out - exstare, the Latin word from which exist comes - from their lives and reflect upon them; andRead MoreEssay on Jean-Paul Sartre: Conscience to the World3214 Words   |  13 PagesJean-Paul Sartre: Conscience to the World At the time of his death on the fifteenth of April, 1980, at the age of seventy-four, Jean-Paul Sartre’s greatest literary and philosophical works were twenty-five years in the past. Although the small man existed in the popular mind as the politically inconsistent champion of unpopular causes and had spent the last seven years of his life in relative stagnation, his influence was still great enough to draw a crowd of over fifty thousand people – admirersRead MoreExistentialism, By Jean Paul Sartre1927 Words   |  8 PagesExistentialist Philosopher JP Sartre As a human beings, we have many choices that we need to make on a daily basis throughout our entire lives as well. Those choices that we make, may have consequences and may affect us or our family members in the long run. Therefore, throughout my essay I will give a summary from Jean Paul Sartre’s â€Å"Ethical Authenticity,† in chapter 10 and the â€Å"Existentialism is a Humanism,† his primary reading. I will also be answering the questions to the primary readings. Jean PaulRead More Jean-Paul Sartre: On the Other Side of Despair3090 Words   |  13 PagesJean-Paul Sartre: On the Other Side of Despair    In an age of modern pessimism and inauthentic, insignificant existence, Jean-Paul Sartre clearly stands out amongst the masses as a leading intellectual, a bastion of hope in the twentieth century. Confronting anguish and despair, absurdity and freedom, nihilism and transcendence, Sartre totalized the twentieth century... in the sense that he was responsive with theories to each of the great events he lived through as Arthur C. Danto commented

Hierarchical Team Free Essays

A hierarchical team is a type of team organization structure in which the team is divided into hierarchies and there are many middle management (Mohr 1982). There is an overall manager of the team who is place at the top of the hierarchy. This manager is responsible for leading or controlling the managers in each hierarchy to make sure that the team’s objectives are met as well as the overall objectives of the organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Hierarchical Team or any similar topic only for you Order Now The manager works with the middle managers to make sure that the team is ran smoothly and that the organizational goals are being achieved by the team. There is a manager in each hierarchy who is called a middle manager who is in charge of their own department. This helps the department to be independent and therefore is able to deal with their own problems in their department without bothering what the other departments are doing. The manager who is in charge of this department is leads the department towards achieving team goals (Heckscher and Donnellon 1994). The manager is responsible of the whole department at large and in making sure that the team’s objectives are being achieved as well as the overall objectives of the organization. The middle managers communicate their progress to the overall team manager who is able to evaluate performance and decide if the team is achieving the intended objectives as well as the overall objectives of the organization. Because in hierarchical teams the team is divided into hierarchies (Robbins and Judge 2007), the team is able to run smoothly because each department has its own jobs which are allocated to it and the department are able to undertake their jobs independently. This helps in making sure that the department or rather the hierarchy undertakes their work perfectly as they are responsible for themselves and can not blame any other department or hierarchy in case they do not deliver. This makes each department to work hard to achieve their target so as not to be blamed in case the team fails to achieve the intended objectives as well as organizational objectives. The team members are able to interact as they work and therefore (Thareja 2007), are able to combine their skills and achieve the organizational goals easily. The structure below shows how a hierarchical team looks like. A team in an organization is very important as it helps the people in an organization to work as team in order to achieve organizational goals. People are also able to work in a friendly environment and therefore, they are able to create a good working environment as well as a more relaxed environment. When people work when they are relaxed, they are able to deliver better than those people who work under any tension (Thareja 2007). Therefore, people in the hierarchical team are able to deliver well than those people that are working individually because; the people in the hierarchical team are able to interact as they perform their duties. Advantages of hierarchical team 1.Division of work- each hierarchy within the hierarchical team is allocated certain jobs to undertake, therefore, they are able to undertake the tasks (Lim and Sambrook 2010) because that is what they are good at and therefore are able to deliver the best. 2.Flexibility- within a team, there are people who are able to perform more than one tasks. Therefore, in case someone is absent in a department, another person is able to perform their duties and therefore, work is able to continue smoothly without much problem. 3.The hierarchies within the team are able to share ideas. This will help in making sure that the organizational goals are met. 4.Because the departments are independent, they are able to make their own decisions which is best for them and which will help them achieve the team’s goals as well as organizational goals. 5.Even though the whole hierarchy is a team, each department is allocated their particular job, makes the department to feel the ownership of a success (Pugh 1990). For example, if a department in a team is allocated the work of advertisement, the hierarchy will feel good if there is an increased sale. 6.Working as a team even though in a hierarchy boosts the morale of the workers. This is because, they are able to interact as they work, and the work is shared amongst the hierarchies. 7.Because the team is organized in an hierarchical manner, leadership is shared in that, a middle manager is allocated for each department (Thareja 2007), this helps in smooth running of the team and that, not just one person who is responsible for the team but several people according to the number of hierarchies in that team. 8.The team is able to deliver better products because they are comprised of a mixture of people with different talents and therefore, these talents can be used to achieve organizational goals. Disadvantages 1.Work can be divided unfairly amongst the departments. The work that the whole team is supposed to undertake may be divided unfairly amongst the departments or the hierarchies (Amaral and Uzzi 2007). This therefore means that some hierarchies or departments may be allocated more jobs than the others thus making them work more than the other departments. 2.Arguments amongst the departments may rise. In case the team’s objectives are not met, the departments may start blaming one another and thus result to arguments and even destroyed relationships in the organization. 3.Because each department is able to make their own decision, coordination of that team may be difficult as the departments work independently. 4.Because the hierarchical team focus more on working as a team rather than an individual, some talents and skills of some workers may become stagnant because they may not be needed or used in the team (Burns and Stalker 1961). 5.Poor communication because, communication is vertical in that, the top manager in the hierarchy has to communicate through the hierarchies while the manager at the bottom of the hierarchy has to reach the top manager vertically. 6.If one department fails to perform its tasks, it may lead to the failure of the whole team in that the whole team may not be able to achieve its goals. How to cite Hierarchical Team, Essay examples

Benefits of RFID technology-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Explain how RFID technology works. 2.Explane the Business as well as technical problem that the technology is designed to solve. 3.Identifiy of RFID limitation. 4.Evaluation of one Organizations Implementation of the technology. 5.Assessment of the technologys prospects for success in the Marketplace. Answers: 1.RFID technology works RFID or radio frequency identification is one of the technologies that generally help in incorporating the utilization of electrostatic or electromagnetic coupling in the portion of radio frequency of electromagnetic spectrum that uniquely helps in identifying person, animal as well as object. RFID technology is mainly associated with a group of technologies that are known as Automatic identification and Data Capture (Amendola et al., 2014). It is identified that AIDC methods automatically helps in identifying objects, collecting data and entering tem into the computer system with or without appropriate human intervention. The method of RFID technology generally utilizes radio waves and it generally consists of three types of components that include an RFID tag or smart label, an antenna as well as an RFID reader. The RFID tags generally consists of an antenna as well as integrated circuit that are generally utilized for transmitting data to the RFID reader which is known as interrogator. The reader helps in converting the radio waves properly to more usable form of data (Fan et al., 2014). The information that is collected with the help of the tags in then transferred with the help of communication interface for hosting a computer system where the data can be stored appropriately within the database and can be utilized later. It is identified that RFID systems can operate in low frequency, high frequency as well as ultra high frequency. Low Frequency RFID: The low frequency generally helps in covering frequencies that include 30KHz. The low frequency RFID applications generally include livestock tracking as well as access control. High Frequency RFID: The high frequency band generally ranges from 3 to 30 MHz. High frequency RFID technology is generally utilized for payment, ticketing, as well as for transferring data applications. Ultra high frequency RFID: The ultra high frequency band generally helps in covering the range of 300MHz to 3 GHz. 2.Explanation of the business as well as technical problem that the technology is designed to solve The RFID technology is mainly designed in order to solve number of business as well as technical problems that include: Helps in solving the problems associated with barcode: It is identified that barcode scanner requires a direct line of sight in order to read. They also does not provide appropriate security and are very much labor intensive (Singh Kaur, 2016). In order to resolve all this issue, the RFID technology is designed. Supply chain management related problems: It is identified that the technology of RFID is generally utilized in closed loop supply chains in order to resolve problems that the organizations faces due to absence of automating parts within the supply chain of the company. The technology not only helps in resolving the issue of automation only, but also assists in reducing shipping related errors. Manufacturing associated problems: RFID technology is generally designed for also utilizing in the manufacturing plants. It generally helps in resolving the problems that organization mainly faces due to absence of proper tracking procedure (Nainan, Parekh Shah, 2013). With the implementation of RFID technology, various work procedure related with manufacturing is tracked that helps in reducing defects as well as assists in managing production at different versions. 3.Identification of RFID limitation It is identified that RFID technology faces number of limitations that include: Attack that effect RFID edge hardware: It generally comprises of RFID physical as well as touchable devices. It is identified that in the RFID system, there are two major types of physical devices, which include tag as well as reader (Oliveira et al., 2015). Due to improper security, weaknesses in this type of devices, tampering vulnerability are seen. Attacks that generally affect the communication part: In the communication part, different types of attacks are generally pointed to various radio links. The attackers generally attack in order to make some modifications within the signal. The possible attacks that are mainly done on the data support part of the RFID technology include tempering with data, denial of service, repudiation, spoofing identity as well as looming of privilege. Cost: It is identified that RFID needs much more costly equipments whether it be hardware or software (Hou, Verdirame Welch, 2015). Costly equipments are generally needed in order to maintain the RFID throughout the lifecycle. RFID collision course: It is identified that while working with the technology of RFID, the workers mainly came across different types of tag as well as reader collision. With the reader collision, the workers face problems due to the interference that came from another reader. It generally occurs when numbers of tags are reflected within a signal due to which the reader confuses. The possible solutions that help in resolving the above challenges that are faced by RFID technology include: Kill the tag: The first as well as easiest solution is to kill the tag. It is identified that each tag has an unique password that is mainly programmed within the production time. Block a tag: It is identified that if more than one tag helps in responding an inquiry that is sent by the reader, it helps in figuring out a collision (Torres et al., 2013). This method is generally utilized within the protocol like tree walking protocols. Solid cage method: In this particular method, tags are generally isolated from various types of electromagnetic waves. This is generally achieved with the help of the container that is built of metal mesh or foil which is generally impermeable with the help of radio signals. Classic cryptographic: Cryptography algorithms are generally utilized for rewritable memory, public key encryption for keeping the system much more secure. No, RFID technology does not help in creating new problems. 4.Evaluation of one organizations implementation of the technology RFID technology is implemented by Walmart. The technology is utilized by the company as a new tracking technology that involves small tags which helps in emitting distinct type of signals. The organization mainly utilizes remote scanners for reading the RFID tags on various products in order to enable them to record appropriate variety of information as well as data related with the product (Smiley, 2017). The RFID tags helps in providing real time monitoring of various stocks that is present within Walmart. The efficiency that is provided by the technology helps the markets in ensuring that various types of products are in proper supply in order to meet various demands as well as needs of the consumer. It is identified that Walmart stores have increased their sales by $287 million after fixing small portion of various inventory problems utilizing RFID technology 6.Assessment of the technologys prospects for success in the marketplace It is identified that active wave system generally utilizes RFID technology. It is mainly used for transmitting as well receiving various types of information without wires. ActiveWave RFID solutions generally utilize modern technologies that help the business in tracking both inventory as well as equipment (Shakiba et al., 2016).The system generally composed of proper RFID reader, standard windows that are based on PC, RFID tags as well as RFID transponders. It is identified that the RFID helps in providing information about location to the reader along with appropriate ID. The tags can be easily read and it is utilized for both securities as well as attendance purpose. The three examples of RFID technology prospects for achieving success in the marketplace include: Example 1: Walmart raises their sales by $287 million after fixing small portion off various inventory problems utilizing RFID technology (Smiley, 2017). Example 2: BJC Healthcare stated that by using RFID technology, they minimize the amount of stock on hand by 23%, which means buying less number of equipment. Earlier the organization faces problems due to miscounts (Nystedt Service, 2017). Example 3: Inditex is utilizing RFID technology for managing the supply chain management and they achieve success. References Amendola, S., Lodato, R., Manzari, S., Occhiuzzi, C., Marrocco, G. (2014). RFID technology for IoT-based personal healthcare in smart spaces.IEEE Internet of Things Journal,1(2), 144-152. Fan, T. J., Chang, X. Y., Gu, C. H., Yi, J. J., Deng, S. (2014). Benefits of RFID technology for reducing inventory shrinkage.International Journal of Production Economics,147, 659-665. Hou, L., Verdirame, M., Welch, K. C. (2015). Automated tracking of wild hummingbird mass and energetics over multiple time scales using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology.Journal of Avian Biology,46(1), 1-8. Nainan, S., Parekh, R., Shah, T. (2013). RFID technology based attendance management system.arXiv preprint arXiv:1306.5381. Nystedt, D., Service, I. (2017).Wal-Mart Eyes $287 Million Benefit From RFID.PCWorld. Retrieved 17 June 2017, from https://www.pcworld.com/article/138391/article.html Oliveira, R. R., Cardoso, I. M., Barbosa, J. L., da Costa, C. A., Prado, M. P. (2015). An intelligent model for logistics management based on geofencing algorithms and RFID technology.Expert Systems with Applications,42(15), 6082-6097. Shakiba, M., Zavvari, A., Aleebrahim, N. and Singh, M.J., 2016. Evaluating the academic trend of RFID technology based on SCI and SSCI publications from 2001 to 2014.Scientometrics,109(1), pp.591-614. Singh, M., Kaur, G. (2016). Intelligent Bus Stand Fees Management System Using RFID.International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science,7(6). Smiley, S. (2017).4 Companies Using RFID for Supply Chain Management - RFID Insider.RFID Insider. Retrieved 17 June 2017, from https://blog.atlasrfidstore.com/4-companies-using-rfid-for-supply-chain-management Torres, R. L. S., Ranasinghe, D. C., Shi, Q., Sample, A. P. (2013, April). Sensor enabled wearable RFID technology for mitigating the risk of falls near beds. InRFID (RFID), 2013 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 191-198). IEEE.